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READ THIS FIRST QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE WD1006V-MC1 WD1006V-MCR Fixed Hard Disk Controller Boards JANUARY 1989 Radio Frequency Interference Statement This Western Digital product has been verified to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device pursuant to subpart J of Part 15 of FCC rules. This does not guarantee that interference will not occur in individual installations. Western Digital is not responsible for any television, radio, or other interference caused by unauthorized modifications of this product. If interference problems do occur, please consult the system equipment owner's manual for suggestions. Some of these suggestions include relocation of the computer system away from the television or radio or placing the computer AC power connection on a different circuit or outlet. If you require further information or other technical support, please contact your authorized dealer: ************************************************************************** INTRODUCTION ************************************************************************** The WD006V-MC1/R board is easy to install. The following is a summary of the installation steps, which are completely explained in this document. 1. Preliminary: identify drive, set drive configuration 2. Install hardware: drive, board, connect cables 3. Install software: use Reference Diskette,etc. 4. Check installation: restart system, use new board & drive You do not need to disassemble your current hard disk drive nor remove the hard disk controller. Your other drive will still work after you have installed your WD1006V-MC1/R board and hard disk drive unit. Exception, the PS/2 system will NOT support two of the same type controller. Therefore, if you already have an ST506 controller installed, you cannot install a second ST506 controller. If you are replacing an existing controller, then you need to remove the old controller. CAUTION Handle the controller board by the ends of the board. Some of the chips are static sensitive and damage may occur if the board is incorrectly handled. ************************************************************************** ABOUT THIS GUIDE ************************************************************************** The following term is used throughout this document. Reference Diskette - A generic term used to refer to the diskette supplied by a computer manufacturer, which contains the system configuration program. Used here the term is capitalized to refer to your manufacturer's diskette. Notations Angle brackets < > refer to a key. Therefore the symbol <Enter> refers to the Enter key. This may be marked differently on your keyboard, typically other notations are <CR> for Carriage Return or RETURN or <Return> for the Return key. This guide was written using the IBM* PS/2* computers as a model. Sometimes specific examples, such as errors refer to the IBM error code numbers. Therefore if you have a PS/2 Micro Channel* compatible computer, your error numbers may be different. For example on page 6-2, error codes 162, 163, 165, and 166 refer to the IBM error codes. These numbers may not be the same if you have a PS/2 compatible computer. * IBM and and PS/2 are registered trademarks and Micro Channel is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. About Menu Screens: Because manufacturers are always updating their software, and this installation guide covers installing WD1006V-MC1/R controller boards in many PS/2 compatible computers, as well as IBM PS/2 computers, the menu screens used here represent the best available information. Do not be concerned if your screens don't match those documented here. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for their compatible computer (i.e., if you have an Apricot computer, use the Apricot Reference Diskette). 1 MICRO CHANNEL ARCHITECTURE Since Micro Channel Architecture is new and different from XT and AT* architecture, this section explains some of its basic concepts and the way in which the Micro Channel architecture implements computer programs. What is Micro Channel?? Micro Channel is a set of standards, which contain (among other items) hardware and firmware standards that define the physical arrangement of personal computer peripheral devices, such as hard disk drives. POS Register The POS(Programmable Option Select)register is a basic conceptual shift from AT and XT technology. In those systems, jumpers and DIP switches told the computer what type of peripheral hardware was attached. With Micro Channel architecture, no jumpers or DIP switches are needed on the controller. *AT is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. Instead the system setup program along with a system manufacturer supplied reference diskette and the POS registers tell the computer what is connected to the system. The POS registers present to the system a unique ID number for each adapter installed. See section ID# below. CMOS Memory Micro Channel computers use a CMOS(complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) memory chip and a battery back-up, so that each PS/2 computer can remember its own configuration, including which board is in each of its expansion slots. ID# Each Micro Channel expansion board has a unique ID# coded into its firmware, which the PS/2 compares with its CMOS memory. The ID# identifies each Micro Channel board to files that contain its configuration information. The ID# is automatically incorporated into the computer's setup software. Therefore a Micro Channel computer knows what type of board is located in each expansion slot and can detect when a change is made to the hardware and a different type board is placed in an expansion slot. See section 165 Error. Universal Expansion Installation Since the board ID# is in the computer's setup software, one simple installation procedure can be used for ANY expansion board, regardless of what function it performs. Therefore the installation for both Micro Channel compatible boards (WD1006V- MC1 and WD1006V-MCR) is included in this document. 165 Error If the computer detects a change with the previous ID#, a 165 Error occurs. The 165 Error indicates that the system configuration has been changed. To correct Error 165, use the Reference Diskette. See Chapter 4 or your manufacturer's Micro Channel hardware manual for instructions. The 165 Error does not occur when you place the Western Digital controller into the same expansion slot as the one that the IBM controller occupied previously. Besides the 165 Error, other errors are possible when you place a different board in an expansion slot. Two beeps indicate that the error is related to and can be corrected by the IBM Reference Diskette. Among the more frequent errors that occur are the following: 162, clock; and 163, calendar. ************************************************************************** DRIVE STANDARDS ************************************************************************** The ST506 standard defines an interface for hard disk drives connected to personal computers. The WD1006V-MC1/R boards work with drives that follow the ST506 standards. ST506 The ST506 interface defines a drive interface that uses a drive parameter table. The information within this parameter table consists of the following items: number of cylinders, number of heads, write precompensation, landing zone, and available defect map. Within the ST506 standard are two categories: MFM (modified frequency modulation) RLL (run length limited) MFM Standard The WD1006V-MC1 board works with MFM standard drives. RLL Standard The WD1006V-MCR board works with RLL standard drives. 2 SOME PRELIMINARY STEPS Before you begin the actual installation of the hardware and software, there are some preliminary steps that you need to do. ************************************************************************** GATHER SUPPLIES ************************************************************************** The installation requires that you gather some tools and supplies before you begin. You'll need the following items: screwdriver PS/2 or Micro Channel compatible computer space to hold the internal drive hard disk drive(s) with ST506 interface See next section," System Limitations." interface cables 20-pin data cable (1 or 2) 34-pin control cable (for 1 or 2 drives) DOS version 3.3 or later or OS/2* or other operating system IBM Reference Diskette or other configuration diskette installation manual for PS/2 compatible computer installation manual for hard disk drive ************************************************************************** SYSTEM LIMITATIONS ************************************************************************** Each WD1006V-MC1/R board can support two hard disk drives; however, when you install two controllers into one computer, the PS/2 system design limits you to a maximum of two fixed hard disk drives. Thus you can have EITHER one WD1006V-MC1/R board with two hard disks attached to the board OR two WD1006V-MC1/R boards with only one hard disk attached to each controller board. * OS/2 is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. YOU CANNOT HAVE TWO WD1006V-MC1/R BOARDS EACH HAVING TWO HARD DISKS ATTACHED IN A PS/2 SYSTEM. Dual Controllers Mix Controller Types: Although the PS/2 system will support two fixed disk controllers, it will NOT support two controllers with the same type interface. Therefore, if you already have an ST506 controller installed, your new controller cannot have the ST506 interface. ESDI Always Drive C If you have one ESDI and one ST506 drive connected to your computer, the Micro Channel architecture ALWAYS selects the ESDI drive as Drive C, regardless of the order in which you installed or identified them. ************************************************************************** IDENTIFY BOARD ************************************************************************** The WD1006V board comes in 2 versions. Each version is compatible for different computers and different drive interfaces: WD1006V-MC1 and WD1006V-MCR. The WD1006V-MC1 works with ST506 MFM drives, the WD1006V-MCR works with ST506 RLL drives. Table 2-1 lists the computers that are compatible with each board. Locate your board in Table 2-1 and make sure that your computer model is compatible with your controller board. COMPUTER MC1 CONTROLLERS 6V-MC1 6V-MCR IBM Model 50 y n IBM Model 50z y n IBM Model 60 y n IBM Model 70/16MHz n n IBM Model 70/20MHz n n IBM Model 80/16MHz y n IBM Model 80/20MHz n n Non-IBM computer check with dealer TABLE 2-1. MODELS SUPPORTED Space limitations may prevent installing drive unit inside computer case. The 6V-MCR requires RLL tables, which the IBM models do not have. Note: The IBM Models 25 & 30 do not support Micro Channel and are therefore incompatible with the WD1006V-MC1/R boards; however, you can use Western Digital XT controllers in your IBM Models 25 & 30. ************************************************************************** IDENTIFY DRIVE ************************************************************************** Since each WD1006V-MC1/R board version is compatible with a different type of drive interface, BE SURE YOUR DRIVE INTERFACE MATCHES YOUR BOARD INTERFACE!!!! Table 2-2 lists the drive interfaces that are compatible with each board. Locate your board in Table 2-2 and identify its drive interface. CONTROLLER BOARD STANDARD INTERFACE 6V-MC1 ST506 (MFM) 6V-MCR ST506 (RLL) TABLE 2-2. FIXED DISK DRIVE INTERFACES Then look in the drive manufacturer's literature and check that you have the right type drive interface for your board. Contact the drive vendor to verify current models and revision level capacity. Follow the instructions for your drive type. There are two types of ST506 drives, MFM and RLL. These ST506 drives require that you look at a drive parameters table (Table 2-3) and select a drive type, then enter information for your drive type during the system configuration. Important If you have an RLL drive (WD1006V-MCR board), skip the next section and go to page 2-12, "RLL Boards." ST506 Drive Tables (for 6V-MC1) Table 2-3 lists the ST506 drive tables which are contained in a standard IBM PS/2 computer. During the drive installation process, you select a drive type and identify your drive type to your computer. Then the computer places this drive type information in its memory and knows what drive you have installed. The number of cylinders and heads are the most critical parameters. Type Number of Number of Write Land Defect Cylinders Heads Precomp Zone Map 0 No fixed disk drive installed 01 306 4 128 305 No 02 615 4 300 615 No 03 615 6 300 615 No 04 940 8 512 940 No 05 940 6 512 940 No 06 615 4 0FFFFH* 615 No 07 462 8 256 511 No 08 733 5 0FFFFH* 733 No 09 900 15 0FFFFH* 901 No 10 820 3 0FFFFH* 820 No 11 855 5 0FFFFH* 855 No 12 855 7 0FFFFH* 855 No 13 306 8 128 319 No 14 733 7 0FFFFH* 733 No 15 Reserved 16 612 4 0** 663 No 17 977 5 300 977 No 18 977 7 0FFFFH* 977 No 19 1024 7 512 1023 No 20 733 5 300 732 No 21 733 7 300 732 No 22 733 5 300 733 No 23 306 4 0** 336 No 24 612 4 305 663 No 25 306 4 0FFFFH* 340 No 26 612 4 0FFFFH* 670 No 27 698 7 300 732 Yes+ 28 976 5 488 977 Yes+ 29 306 4 0** 340 No 30 611 4 306 663 Yes+ 31 732 7 300 732 Yes+ 32 1023 5 0FFFFH* 1023 Yes+ 33 to 255 Reserved TABLE 2-3. ST506 DRIVE PARAMETERS * None ** All cylinders +Before you select one of these drive types, see Appendix section "Notes on Drive Tables." Look at your hard disk drive and locate its cylinder, head, write precomp, and defect map information. Then check Table 2-3 and see if your drive is listed. Table 2-3 contains a list of the common drives that are compatible with the WD1006V-MC1 board and a PS/2 compatible computer, except as noted (drive types 27, 28, 30-32). If your drive is listed in Table 2-3, then it is compatible with the WD1006V- MC1 board (except as noted). If the drive is not listed in Table 2-3, your drive may still be compatible with the WD1006V-MC1 board as long as your drive has a standard ST506 interface. Check with your dealer. Also see the section below. What if my drive doesn't fit the tables?? If you have a drive that doesn't fit the IBM installed tables, you can select a drive that is a close approximation to a drive in the tables. However, when you make an approximation, do NOT exceed the maximum number of cylinders or heads for your actual drive nor exceed the write pre-compensation cylinder number. Always select an approximate drive with less cylinders and less than or equal number of heads and a write precompensation cylinder that is less than the write pre-compensation of your actual drive. In fact, you can select any appropriate drive that has fewer cylinders than the drive that you are installing; however, the less cylinders you select, the smaller the drive's formatted capacity will be. EXAMPLE: Fixed hard disk: 1024 cylinders & 15 heads Select: Any drive listed in the table Problem: Select type 1, 306 cylinders & 4 heads only get a 10MB formatted capacity Better: Select type 9, 900 cylinders & 15 heads get 80MB formatted capacity RLL Boards The WD1006V-MCR board works with RLL drives. If you have an RLL drive you need the WD1006V-MCR board. RLL Drives RLL drives read data differently than MFM drives. All MFM drives read data at 17 sectors/track and RLL drives read data at 26 sectors per track. Therefore MFM drive tables need to be converted to RLL drive tables before they can be used by RLL drives. ST506 RLL Drive Tables (For non-IBM, RLL computers) All the IBM installed drive tables are for MFM drives. If you have an RLL board and an RLL drive, then you need your system manufacturer to provide the ST506 drive tables in RLL format. Your system manufacturer will also supply their own Reference Diskette. Follow the system manufacturer's instructions and use their Reference Diskette rather than the Reference Diskette supplied by IBM. 3 HOW TO INSTALL YOUR HARDWARE This section tells you how to install the hardware portion of your WD1006V- MC1/R controller board. You can install the controller board in any available Micro Channel compatible expansion slot. Do not attempt to install your hardware unless you have set the hard disk drive configuration as explained starting on page 2-13. The installation requires you to remove the cover from your computer. See your PS/2 manual for exact instructions on how to remove the cover. If you are replacing an existing controller, then you also have to remove your old hard disk controller. CAUTION The IBM PS/2 system* does NOT support two of the same type controller. Therefore, if you already have an ST506 controller installed, your new controller requires another type interface. If you want two of the same type of hard disk, daisy chain them onto one WD1006V-MC1/R controller board. 1. Turn your computer power switch to OFF. 2. Use a screwdriver to loosen the cover screws. Then remove the computer cover, so that you can see the expansion slots and internal space to place the fixed disk drive unit. *This is an IBM limitation. See IBM manual for more information. 3. Place your hard disk drive unit(s) into the computer case and attach to the case according to the manufacturer's installation instructions. 4. Look and see which expansion slots are empty. Select one that has the same type of connectors as those on the WD1006V-MC1/R board. Or if you are removing a controller, locate the one which has the old controller in it. Use this expansion slot.(no 165 error) Note: You can also install a new fixed hard disk drive on an existing WD1006V- MC1/R controller. See Appendix. You may have to leave the drive case loose to connect the cables. Look and determine whether to tighten the connections from the position of the cable connectors. 5A. If you are removing an old controller, loosen the plastic screw which holds the old controller board in place. Then slide the old board out of the expansion slot and remove the cables. 5B. If you are using a "new" expansion slot, loosen the plastic screw that holds the expansion slot cover you selected in step 4. The plastic screw is located at the rear. Slide the expansion slot cover up, and remove it. 6. Connect cables to hard disk drive unit. Follow steps A,B,C, and D. These instructions are for both one or two drives on the same controller. Cable connectors have an orientation. Pin 1 is not the same as Pin 34. Each carries a different electrical signal. Therefore, your unit will not work properly, if you do not connect Pin 1 of the cable connector to Pin 1 on the drive. Pin 1 of the cable connector is marked and is on the color coded edge of the cable. Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in Figure 3-2. ┌───────────────┐ │ FIRST DRIVE │───┐ 34 Pin Connector └───────────────┘──┐│ ││ ││ (Shortest Cable) ┌───────────────┐ ││ │ SECOND DRIVE │──┘│ 34 Pin Connector └───────────────┘──┐│ (Termination Resistor ││ Removed) ││ (Longest Cable) ││ ││ ││ ┌─────────────┘│ │ ┌────────────┘ ┌────────│─│───┐ 34 Pin Connector │ J4 │ └──┐ ┌──┘ └┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┘ WD1006V-MC1 A. (1 drive only) Connect the 34-pin (wide control cable) connector to the hard disk drive's 34-pin (card edge type) connector. Attach Pin 1 on the cable to Pin 1 on the hard disk drive. (2 drives only) If you are installing two hard disk drives on one controller, use a daisy chain cable. Connect the end connector on the shorter cable length to the first drive unit. See Figure 3-1 for daisy chain cable connections. The longer length cable is unattached for now. B. (2 drives only) Connect middle 34-pin connector on the shorter length daisy chain cable to the second hard disk drive's 34-pin connector. Remember: The second hard disk is the drive from which you removed the termination resistor. See page 2-17. The longer length cable is unattached for now. C. Connect the 20-pin (data cable) to the first hard disk drive unit's 20-pin connector. Attach Pin 1 of the cable to Pin 1 on the hard disk drive. D. (2 drives only) Connect the second 20-pin (data cable) to the second hard disk drive unit's 20-pin connector. 7. Locate the internal four pin power connector(s) on your computer. See your computer manual. Connect this internal four pin power connector to your new fixed hard disk drive unit's power connector plug. (2 drives only) If you are installing 2 drives, you need either two internal power connectors on your computer or you need to split the power connector. See the manufacturer's manual. Connect the second drive unit to the second power connector plug. 8. Place the controller board into the expansion slot that you selected in step 4. Slide the edge of the board into the expansion slot at the rear of your computer and press firmly on the plastic edges of the board as you insert it into the expansion slot. You will feel the board slip into place and fit snugly. The WD1006V-MC1 edge connectors fit snugly into the slot. Check that the board is seated properly, it should NOT wobble freely. 9. After the board is seated firmly in the expansion slot socket, fasten the end of your board to the computer rear panel. Tighten the plastic screw (which you loosened in step 5) to the computer chassis. 10. Connect the free end of the 34-pin (wide control cable) connector to J1 on the WD1006V-MC1/R controller board. Attach Pin 1 of the cable connector to Pin 1 on the controller board. Note: Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in Figure 3-2. 11. Connect the free end of the first drive 20-pin (data cable) to J3 (first drive data connector) on the WD1006V-MC1/R controller board. Attach Pin 1 on the cable to Pin 1 on the controller board. Drive 1 Drive 2 34 pin connector ┌─┐ ┌───────┐ ┌──J3───┐ ┌──J2────┐ ┌───J4──────┐ ┌──────────────────────┘ │ │ └──┘ └────┘ └────┘ └──┘ │ │ Pin 1 Pin 1 Pin 1 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ └┴┴┴┴┘ └┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┘ └─────┘ Edge Connectors (To Motherboard) 12. (2 drives only) If you installed a second hard disk drive, connect the second 20-pin (data cable) to J2 (second drive data connector) on the WD1006V-MC1/R controller board. 13. Place extra cable lengths so that they are out of the way. CAUTION Do NOT pinch the cables when you arrange them inside your computer case. Do not let the cables lay between the cover and an internal board. Do not obstruct air flow from fans or vents. 14. Replace the computer cover. Your hardware controller installation is complete. However, your Micro Channel controller board is really a complex circuit composed of both hardware and software, so that while the hardware installation is complete, you still need to install the software. Proceed to the next section for the software installation steps. Tighten hard disk unit(s) to computer case, etc. if not already done in step 3.